CRS, U.S.-Japan 2025 Framework Trade Deal and Multi-Instrument Tariff Landscape

A July 2025 U.S.-Japan 'strategic trade and investment agreement' set a 15% tariff cap on most Japanese imports, including autos, in exchange for Japanese investment pledges of $550 billion and commitments to purchase U.S. agricultural goods, aircraft, and energy. Subsequent legal and executive developments-including a Supreme Court ruling invalidating IEEPA tariffs, a temporary §122 surcharge, and a 12.5%...