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The Trump Administration's 25% §232 tariffs on passenger vehicles, medium/heavy trucks, and parts partially override USMCA duty-free treatment, raising effective tariffs on non-compliant vehicles from 2.5% to 27.5% and applying tariffs to non-U.S. content even in USMCA-compliant vehicles. The 2026 USMCA joint review is expected to address strengthened automotive ROO, the unresolved 2022 DS panel ruling against the U.S. on core-parts RVC methodology, and North American approaches to Chinese vehicle and parts imports.